Drugs And Its Effects On The Brain - 1586 Words

Mistura Olawore Shailen Mishra Rough Draft May 3, 2015 Literary Review: Drugs and Its Effects on the Brain Introduction Drugs have been around for a very long time. They are used for a variety of reasons. Some of these reasons include relaxation, socialization, curiosity, stress relief, or a form of escapism. However, most people don’t know the threats and danger that it can cause to the body. In this paper, we are going to examine the changes that happen inside the brain due to the effects of different drugs. We will look closely at how drugs such as hallucinogens, ecstasy, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis affect an individual psychologically. I will explain the origin of the drugs, how a person feels while on the drug, how the drugs†¦show more content†¦This can be described as a breakdown of the ego, or sense of self. What you thought about who you are and what matters to you can shift temporarily or permanently. This is sometimes described positively. People can become more understanding of other’s choices, get in touch with inner self, or feel more spiritually connected to oth er people. The breakdown of the ego can also be described negatively. People can feel that their life is meaningless and this can be alienating and depressing to that individual. These feelings can lead to suicidal or destructive impulses. People have been known to harm themselves under the influence of acid. It is very important to keep a person who has taken acid in a safe environment until the effects of the drug wear off. Ecstasy www.telegraph.co.uk These are ecstasy pills and tablets. Ecstasy is both a hallucinogenic, causing hallucination, and a stimulant drug. Ecstasy is the name given to methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). It was first synthesized in 1912 by Merck chemist Anton Kà ¶llisch. Ecstasy appears to disturb the body s ability to regulate its temperature and this can lead to serious problems with overheating of the body. Ecstasy can be swallowed as a pill or tablet or snorted like a powder. Users of ecstasy can experience a rush of good feelings, a high, and makes someone s feelings much more intense, whether they re good or bad feelings. Ecstasy’s effects usually last up to 6 hours. Ecstasy increases a person’sShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Drugs On The Brain880 Words   |  4 PagesWatkins Group topic: Effects of Drugs on the Brain ***** Last Group ***** In today’s session, group members received education on how alcohol and drug abuse affects the brain chemistry. Group members learned how different categories of substances and how they act in the mind and body. PO was on time and moderately participated in the group activity. PO engaged in the group discussion, and shared personal experience and insights related to the topic appropriately and honestly. PO completed theRead MoreDrugs And Its Effects On The Brain884 Words   |  4 PagesMany psychiatric and psychoactive drugs that are available on the market, pharmaceutically or illegally, closely resemble neurotransmitters and are actually able to mimic it to the extent that it fools the receptors. Basically, these drugs hijack the neurotransmitters. Once these drugs are ingested, it enters into the brain, gets into the synapse and binds itself to the receptor. This then causes the inappropriate release of neurotransmitters and alter the breakdown and recycling of neurotransmittersRead MoreEffects Of Prescription Drugs On The Brain1529 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many types of major drugs in use today and on the top of the list is prescription drugs. According to Drug and Society v icodin is the most misused prescribed narcotic in the United States (Glen R. Hanson, March 5, 2014). They say in 2011 was one of the prescription and most often used by teenagers (Glen R. Hanson, March 5, 2014). Vicodin associated with hydrocodone and acetaminophen it is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics a schedule II drug. It is used to relieve pain. It isRead MoreDrug Abuse And Its Effects On The Brain1535 Words   |  7 Pageswhether you wanted to alter your brain forever for the worse or keep it the way it is, what would you choose? Pretty easy question right, most people would chose to keep their brain the same. That is not the case. Drugs are a colossal problem nowadays for teenagers and adults, Drugs can alter the brain permanently, and it can be almost impossible to recover from addiction, especially as a teen. Addiction is a chronic relapsing disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and abuse and longRead MoreThe Effects Of Drugs And Alcohol On The Brain846 Words   |  4 Pagespuzzled on why or how others become addicted to drugs and alcohol. This has been an ongoing issue still current in today’s society. â€Å"It is often mistakenly assumed that drug abusers lack moral principles or willpower and that they could stop using drugs simply by choosing to change their behavior† (Understanding Drug). Same thing goes for the use of alcohol. It is up to the mind, whether or not to prevents the power such toxic substance if abuse, such as drugs and alcohol. The mind is the main focus inRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On The Brain Essay1753 Words   |  8 PagesFor some people, the use of alcohol and drugs can lead to a chronic disease or long-term illness that has serious medical and social consequences. Are you feeling down, left out, trying to fit in? Addiction begins so easily and takes over without any warning. It can begin with a bad day, consequences, peer pressure, or a teen trying to find a way t o fit in. â€Å"An estimated 2.4 million Americans used prescription drugs non-medically for the first time within the past year, which averages to approximatelyRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On The Brain4200 Words   |  17 PagesWith President Reagan’s war on drugs, combined with the rise of crack cocaine in the early 1980s, minor drug offenders were filling the United States prison system at a rapid rate. From 1980 to 1990, the U.S. prison population doubled while, at the same time, the proportion of those imprisoned for nonviolent drug crimes grew from 7.5 percent to 24 percent; over a 300% increase (D Amico, 2013). In order to be proactive in rehabilitating an offender with a substance addiction, many aspects of theirRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On The Brain1123 Words   |  5 Pagesabout is drug addiction and its affects on the brain, or rather, the brains affect on drug addiction. So, by definition: An addiction is characterized by a psychological need for drugs that surpasses the user’s ability to control the use of drugs. So, what causes, for example, heroin addiction. This is a brainless question. Heroin causes heroin addiction, right? Here’s how we think it works, If you use heroin for roughly 20 days, by about day 21 your body would physically crave the drug becauseRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Use On Brain And Its Functions1246 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract In the course of the text, there will be discussions regarding the correlation of drug use and/or abuse and how it affects the brain and its functions. Contributions through literature review will focus on the aspects of the anatomy and physiology of the brain as well as the pathology and psychological aspects of how drug use will affect it; primarily focusing on cocaine. â€Æ' Introduction The brain is a complex organ within the human body. It serves as the basis for all bodily functions,Read MoreNarcotics Impairing The Mind Of The User1520 Words   |  7 Pagesof narcotic and pharmaceutical drugs. Can the overuse of narcotic drugs impair a person for life? The human brain is the most complex part of the human body, it controls it completelyalmost all of it. Thoughts, movements and even thinking of movement comes from the brain. One of the most worst ways of ruining your precious brain is to over use narcotic drugs. The overuse of narcotic drugs can not only cause damage to the brain but, can also be fatal. Narcotic drugs range from many varieties, types

Cause and Effect of Earthquake, Typhoon and Tsunami

Typhoon A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean between 180 ° and 100 °E. This region is referred to as the northwest Pacific basin.[1] For organizational purposes, the northern Pacific Ocean is divided into three regions: the eastern (North America to 140 °W), central (140 °W to 180 °), and western (180 ° to 100 °E). Identical phenomena in the eastern north Pacific are called hurricanes, with tropical cyclones moving into the western Pacific re-designated as typhoons. The Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) for tropical cyclone forecasts is in Japan, with other tropical cyclone warning centers for the northwest Pacific in Honolulu (the Joint Typhoon Warning†¦show more content†¦Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many different cultures. Comets have a wide range of orbital periods, ranging from several years to several millions of years. Short-period comets originate in the Kuiper belt or its associated scattered disc,[1] which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune. Longer-period comets are thought to originate in the Oort cloud, a spherical cloud of icy bodies extending from outside the Kuiper Belt to halfway to the next nearest star. Long-period comets plunge toward the Sun from the Oort cloud because of gravitational perturbations caused by either the massive outer planets of the Solar System (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) or passing stars. Rare hyperbolic comets pass once through the inner Solar System before being flung out to interstellar space along hyperbolic trajectories. Meteor METEOR (Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit ORdering) is a metric for the evaluation of machine translation output. The metric is based on the harmonic mean of unigram precision and recall, with recall weighted higher than precision. It also has several features that are not found in other metrics, such as stemming and synonymy matching, along with the standard exact word matching. The metric was designed to fix some of the problems found in the more popular BLEU metric, and also produce goodShow MoreRelatedCauses and Efeects of Earthquakes999 Words   |  4 PagesCAUSES AND EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKES, TSUNAMI AND CYCLONES EARTHQUAKES What are Earthquakes? ↠ An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earths crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time. Earthquakes are measured with a seismometer; a device which also records is known as a seismograph. The momentRead MoreA Report On Osaka Prefecture1928 Words   |  8 Pagescomes to natural disasters. The entire Japanes Archipelago is riddled with volcanoes and subject to earthquakes that occur daily due to the fact that it is located on the subduction zone of the Pacific, North American and Eurasion tectonic plates and is also one of the hottest spots on the â€Å"ring of fire†. It is also home to the Tsunamis that follow periodically after especially strong earthquakes occur. These disasters bring forth coastal erosion, landslides and potential coastal flooding that wouldRead MoreNat ural Disasters Sample Research Paper1924 Words   |  8 Pagestop of the list of countries in the world in terms of the occurrence of natural disasters in 2011, the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary General for Disaster Risk Reduction said. The worst disaster that hit the Philippines was typhoon â€Å"Sendong† (international code Washi) last December 17 in Mindanao where at least 1,430 individuals died. Second to the Philippines was China with 21 recorded calamities in 2011, followed by the United States with 19, India and Indonesia both withRead MoreThe Hazards Presented by Volcanic and Seismic Events Have the Greatest Impact on the World’s Poorest People. to What Extent Do You Agree with This View?1043 Words   |  5 Pagescould cause damage to humans or buildings. Many volcanic and seismic events happen that cause hazards to humans. Often the world’s poorest people are hit the worst, however wealthier countries can also be adversely affected. The Kobe earthquake in Japan 1995 struck at 5.45am. Many people were asleep in bed, causing the hazard to be increased because the people were unaware. Although many Japanese buildings were of aseismic design, the roofs of their houses were designed to withstand typhoons and soRead MoreCase Study : Haiti The Word Hazard872 Words   |  4 Pagessource of potential damage or harm and has effects on something or someone under certain conditions. Basically, a hazard can cause harm to individuals or to organizations as property of losses. There are different types of hazards, environmental, biological .etc. Environmental hazards consist of destructive forces e.g. Tsunami, typhoon, earthquakes... An earthquake is usually considered to be the most frightening and destructive force of nature. Earthquakes are sudden movements of a portion of theRead MoreThe Natural Disaster Of Tsunami1775 Words   |  8 Pageseruptions, to massive earthquakes, to avalanches make their marks known after they strike. The natural disaster that I want to focus on specifically in this paper, however, is tsunami’s. Though Tsunami’s are arguably the most deadly natural disaster, they are also one of the most amazing geologic events to witness. Over the course of this paper, I will outline exactly what a tsunami is, the origins and basics of tsunamis, and the causes and effects. The formal definition of a tsunami is a series of oceanRead MoreNatural Disaster2278 Words   |  10 Pageseruptions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Tsunamis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦5 Blizzards †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Droughts amp;Hailstorms †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........6 Tornadoes amp; Fires †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 Gamma ray burst †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Natural disasters introduction A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard (e.g., flood, tornado, hurricane, volcanic eruption, earthquake, heatwave, or landslide).Read Moreadvantages and disadvantages of environmental risk management1374 Words   |  6 Pagesof company. Through the environmental risk management, we are going to have a better understanding on the environment, which may make have a better decision making on company strategy. Usually, if we know a place which may suffer from earthquake or tsunami frequently, we may not build or open some department on that place in order to reduce risk. If we have better understand or information for environmental risk, we can avoid some risk by locating the facilities at best place. So, risk is reducedRead MoreA Case Study on Tsunami in India and Other Natural Disasters2272 Words   |  10 PagesA Case Study on Tsunami Damage in India Natural Disaster: A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard that affects the environment, and leads to financial, environmental and/or human losses. Or Any natural phenomenon that causes great damage and loss of life; The emergency situation that is the consequence of such an event. A natural disaster is a disaster caused by nature, suchRead MoreThe Philippine Philippines Culture And Culture Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pagesthis region, the Philippine islands are vulnerable to volcanic activity, earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons. Between December and February is the northeast monsoon season, and between May and October is the southwest monsoon season. Although typhoons can occur during any season, normally they occur between July and October. There are 15-20 typhoons in the Philippines that occur within in a year, only five or six actually cause death and destruction within the Philippines. With the reoccurring weather

Australian Economy and Their GDP - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Compare Australia with any other economy and discuss their GDP last 3 to 5 years and factors affecting their GDP. Answer: Introduction The main aim of essay is to compare the Australia with other developing countries and discuss their GDP in last 3 to 5 years. The author also discusses the factors affecting their GDP or Gross Domestic Product. The economy of Australia is one of the largest mixed market economies in the world. The Australian economy is mostly dominated by service sector that comprises sixty eight percent of total gross domestic product. The economic growth of the country largely depends on the mining and the agricultural sector. The country is under progressive growth without even facing a single recession in the past twenty five years. The country is abundant in its natural resources and the entrepreneurial skill is also very efficient. As per the World Bank data the economic growth is at 3.0 %. The inflation rate is at 1.3 percent and the unemployment rate is at 5.7 percent. The total wealth of Australia accounts for 6.4 trillion Australian dollar. In 2012 Australia was the twelfth largest national economy in terms of nominal GDP. It is 19th largest exporter and 19th largest importer in world. The Reserve Bank of Australia is responsible for publishing the quarterly report of the economy of Australia (Austrade.gov.au. 2016). GDP is the gross domestic product of the economy that measures the total amount of goods and services produced by the economy at a given time. There are many components that affect the production and consumption of the economy. Gross Domestic Product is the quantitative measure of the nations total economic activity. GDP represents the monetary value of the goods and service produced within a nation over a period of time. It is measured quarterly or yearly. It is the measure of all the final goods and services produced in an economy. GDP growth measures the economic performance of the economy (Borio 2014). Body The author compares Australias GDP growth rate with developing country India to show the differences in the efficiency of the country. The author compares the economic performance of Australia and India. GDP is the sum of the gross value added by all the residents or the producers in an economy. Australia: Table1: Annual GDP growth rate of Australia. Year GDP growth rate in percentage. 2005 3.2 % 2006 3.0 % 2007 3.8 % 2008 3.7 % 2009 1.8 % 2010 2.0 % 2011 2.4 % 2012 3.6 % 2013 2.4 % 2014 2.5 % 2015 2.2 % 2016 3.0 % The above trend shows that the GDP growth rate in Australia is fluctuating in nature. It is highest in the year 2007 and lowest in 2009. The GDP growth rate increased in the year 2016 that shows that the economic performance of the country is increasing. India: Table2: Annual GDP growth rate of India. Year GDP growth rate in percentage. 2005 9.3 % 2006 9.3 % 2007 9.8 % 2008 3.9 % 2009 8.5 % 2010 10.3 % 2011 6.6 % 2012 5.1 % 2013 6.9 % 2014 7.3 % 2015 7.5 % 2016 - The above trend shows that the GDP growth rate India is also fluctuating. It was highest in the year 2010 and lowest in 2008. Currently the GDP growth rate is rising showing that the country is improving. Comparison of Australian and Indian economy in terms of GDP growth rate: YEAR AUSTRALIA GDP GROWTH RATE (%) INDIA GDP GRWTH RATE (%) 2005 3.2 % 9.3 % 2006 3.0 % 9.3 % 2007 3.8 % 9.8 % 2008 3.7 % 3.9 % 2009 1.8 % 8.5 % 2010 2.0 % 10.3 % 2011 2.4 % 6.6 % 2012 3.6 % 5.1 % 2013 2.4 % 6.9 % 2014 2.5 % 7.3 % 2015 2.2 % 7.5 % 2016 3.0 % The above comparison shows the GDP growth rate of India is higher than that of Australia. It means that the economic performance of India is better than Australia in terms of GDP growth rate. The monetary values of the products produced in India are higher than that in Australia. In terms of GDP growth rate India is ranked in 11th position and Australia is in 13Th position. The GDP is calculated without making any deductions of depreciation. It includes the taxes and rules out subsidies. The Australian economy is expected to grow at the rate of 2.9 percent between 2016 and 2020 in terms of annual GDP growth rate. Australia is the worlds 12th largest economies in the world and has 3.3 percent average GDP growth rate per annum in the year 1992 to 2015. The GDP growth rate in India is greater than that it was expected by the government (Scutt 2016). Gross Domestic Product: Gross domestic product or GDP is the monetary values of all the final goods and services that are produced in an economy over given time period. GDP includes private consumption, public consumption, investment by business houses and imports and exports. GDP can be calculated as follows: GDP = C + G + I + NX Here, C represents the private consumption, G represents the government expenditure, I represent the countrys investment and NX represents the net exports of the country that is exports minus the imports. GDP is used to compare the productivity of different countries. There are two types of GDP basically. One is nominal GDP that does not include the inflation rate and the other is the real GDP growth rate that is the rate after it has been corrected for inflation. The best way to measure the growth of the economy and the standard of living is to take into account the real GDP growth rate that shows the purchasing power of the individuals in an economy (Mankiw 2014) The output gap is the difference between the actual GDP and potential GDP and is calculated as Y-Y* where Y is the actual output and Y* is the potential output. If the calculation shows a positive number then it means that the aggregate demand is higher than the aggregate supply that indicates rise in inflation. The percentage of GDP can be measured as actual GDP minus potential GDP divided by potential GDP. A positive out gap indicates high demand and a negative output gap indicates low demand. Demand and supply indicates the level of price and the real GDP. Aggregate supply indicates the relationship between quantity supplied and the price level and the aggregate demand indicates relationship between demand of goods of real GDP and the price. As the price level rise the supply of GDP rises and the demand of output falls (Konchitchki and Patatoukas 2014). Figure: Output gap explained through demand and supply In the above diagram SAS is the short run aggregate supply, LAS is long run aggregate supply, AD is the aggregate demand and E is the equilibrium level. Y indicates the actual output and Y*is the potential GDP. Price level is measured in Y axis and real GDP in X axis. The gap between Y and Y* shows the potential gap. The country will be at equilibrium level when the aggregate demand is equal to aggregate supply in short run. Here the price level will also be at equilibrium. In short run the economy can produce that amount only for which it has demand. But in long run since the firms now have competitive advantage and economies of scale it can produce more than its potential. The output gap arises because the aggregate demand is low while the supply is high (Goodwin et al. 2013). When the aggregate demand in the economy rises then the demand curve shifts to its right. The price level rise and so does the real GDP because the short run supply curve remains unchanged. The wage rate now increases due to rise in the price level. The short run aggregate supply curve shifts to its left that increase the price level but the real GDP falls. In long run the potential gap arises because the long run aggregate supply is fixed and is vertical. The long run aggregate supply curve indicates a full employment level. Here the country is assumed to be unemployment free because the producers utilize all the countries resources to produce the goods. The long run equilibrium will be achieved at a level where short run aggregate supply, aggregate demand and long run aggregate supply curve intersect at one common price level. Here the country operates at equilibrium price level and equilibrium output. The economy is said to achieve full employment as explained in the diagram below (Gandolfo 2013). Figure: Full employment level or sustainable GDP level Stagflation is the condition when the price level rises but the output or the real GDP falls. In such a situation the countries growth is stagnant but the price level is rising. This arises due to fall in the short run aggregate supply and rise in the aggregate demand. The GDP of the country increases with the increase in labor force, capital and improvement in technology. The output gap plays a significant role in policy making and affects the decision of the government (Fraser et al. 2014). Gross domestic product of a country indicates the standard of living of the country. The analysis conducted and data above shoes that the standard of living of people in India is higher than that in Australia. The mode of measuring GDP is common in all the countries so it makes it easy for the comparison of productivity. GDP is used to measure the value added for various goods and services. GDP is expressed in comparison to the previous year. There are three ways or methods to measure GDP. These are income approach, production approach and expenditure approach (Egerer et al. 2016). The production approach estimates the gross value of output added after deducting the value of the intermediate consumption. This is known as the sum of the GDP at factor cost. The second approach to measure GDP is income approach. It is also known as Gross domestic income approach. This method is calculated by taking into account the income that the firms pay to households in form of wages, interest for capital, rent for land and the profits of the entrepreneurs. The GDP is measured after deducting the depreciation cost and indirect taxes. The third approach to calculate GDP is the expenditure approach where the GDP is measured in terms of purchase price of all goods and services except the intermediate goods (Mankiw 2014). There are four components of GDP that are as follows: Personal consumption expenditure- this is the largest component of GDP and greatly affects the countrys output. The example of such spending is expenditure on durable goods by consumers, food, jewelry, or daily basis for consumption. When the personal consumption of the country rise the demand for the goods also increase that shifts the demand curve to its right. The real GDP of the country also rises and so does the price level. It can be shown in the following diagram that how the rise in the consumption increase the demand and the GDP (Goodwin et al. 2013). Investment- Investment is another component of GDP. Examples of investment are buying of new machines used for the production purpose, purchase of software and other products that yield profit. When the investment in an economy rise then the production in an economy also rises that is the money supply increases in the economy. So the output also increases that in turn increases the GDP of the country as shown in the above diagram (Goodwin et al. 2013). Government expenditure- expenses that the government makes on the economy for it development also affects the GDP of the economy. Examples of government expenditure are salary paid to government servants, goods purchased for infrastructure development and military expenses. It does not include transfer payment such as social security and unemployment benefits. Increase in government expenditure increases the real GDP of the economy as the aggregate demand now raises that leads to high production (Goodwin et al. 2013). Net exports- Net exports that are measured as the export minus the import are another component of GDP. When the export of the country rises more goods are produced in an economy. This leads the real GDP of the country to rise. Imports are not included in real GDP because it is already included in the consumption, investment and government expenditure component (Goodwin et al. 2013). The four components of GDP greatly affect the GDP and this in turn affects the growth of the economy. Changes in the components of GDP can be explained by using the demand curve as shown below. Figure: Components of GDP and its affect on real GDP using demand. Factors affecting GDP in Australia There are many factors that affected the GDP growth in Australia. First was the fall in prices of commodities and rise in net exports. In the past ten years the terms of trade in Australia is increasing. The demand for the Australian good in china is increasing that is leading to the rise in the exports of Australias products. The commodity prices of the goods are rising. This leads to the boom in investment which ultimately leads the real GDP to rise. The nominal GDP growth per capita is weak in Australia though the overall GDP growth is rising. The export prices are falling. The export boom is increasing the real GDP of the country (Glynn 2016). Export boom also gives way to investment boom. New industries are starting up leading to increase in demand that is ultimately increasing the GDP growth of the country. The service sector in Australia is the biggest contributor to the GDP growth rate. Mining plays a great role in Australian economy. The export in recent quarter is falling d ue to rise in the export prices. Despite of the fall in the exports the mining has been the biggest contributor to the GDP growth in Australia. The investment in housing is increasing that is leading the GDP to rise. Private investment in Australia increased. The productivity and efficiency of the workers also contribute to the rise in GDP. If the workers are very efficient then the productivity of the firm rises that leads the production to also rise (Scutt 2016).The stock of inventories is rising in Australia that means that the production is rising but the demand is less. The rise in inventories suggests that the producers forecast that they will be able to sell the goods produced in the coming future. Basically there are two factors that affect the GDP growth. These are the demand and the supply factors. The final consumption expenditure in Australia is increasing when compared to previous year. This indicates that GDP growth is also rising. The government spending is also risin g that is leading the Real GDP to also rise. Hence there are many factors that affect the real GDP of the country. GDP shows how well the economy is performing (ABC News. 2016). Factors influencing the GDP growth in India Population growth greatly affects the growth of GDP in India. Human resource and the productivity also affect the GDP growth in the country. If the employees skills and knowledge fall then the GDP of the country also falls and vice versa. In India there is mixed group of people both knowledgeable and illiterate. This greatly affects the GDP as the producers are unable to find the right people for the right job. Physical capital is the machines and the assets that are used to produce more of goods and services. Fall in the investment also leads to fall in Real GDP. Entrepreneurship, human resources and literacy rate also greatly affects and influences the GDP growth of the country. The personal household consumption is stable in India that makes the real GDP growth of the country also stable (Radhakrishna and Panda 2012). The government spending is falling that leads to fall in the GDP growth rate in the country. The export of India in April was the minimum that lead to fall in the GD P in recent times. The Chinese investment in India increased by six times that largely influenced the GDP growth rate in the country. In real terms the growth in the economy grew. The economy of India is growing with many new start ups developing that require large investments. Many factors affect the economic growth of the country and also its GDP (Mishra 2016). Conclusion GDP or the gross domestic product of the country is an essential measure to evaluate the monetary values of all the final goods and services produced in an economy. There are many components that affect the GDP growth of the country. There are many approaches to evaluate the GDP growth of the economy. The GDP growth rate of India is better than that of Australia and it is fluctuating in nature. The major sector that contributes to GDP is the service sector and the mining sector. The GDP growth rate is expected to rise in future in Australia because the government expenditure and the personal household expenditure are continually rising. The export of iron ore is also rising in the country that greatly contributes to the GDP growth rate of the country. The annual growth of the country is rising at 3 percent. The economic performance Australian territory is rising. The demand and the supply greatly affect the GDP growth of the country. The experts advise that the country will grow if t he demand and supply of goods rise at the same rate. The government and the consumers greatly influence the economic activity of a country. References ABC News. (2016).Economic growth jumps but national income falls. Abs.gov.au. (2016).5206.0 - Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product, Dec 2015. Austrade.gov.au. (2016).Growth - Why Australia - For international investors - Austrade. Balassa, B., 2013.The Theory of Economic Integration (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Borio, C., 2014. The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?.Journal of Banking Finance,45, pp.182-198. Coale, A.J. and Hoover, E.M., 2015.Population growth and economic development. Princeton University Press. Databank.worldbank.org. (2016).World Development Indicators| World DataBank. Egerer, M., Langmantel, E. and Zimmer, M., 2016. Gross Domestic Product. InRegional Assessment of Global Change Impacts(pp. 147-152). Springer International Publishing. Fraser, P., Macdonald, G.A. and Mullineux, A.W., 2014. Regional monetary policy: An Australian perspective.Regional Studies,48(8), pp.1419-1433. Gandolfo, G., 2013.International Economics II: International Monetary Theory and Open-Economy Macroeconomics. Springer Science Business Media. Glynn, J. (2016).Australian Recession Fears Ease as Growth Accelerates. Goodwin, N., Nelson, J., Harris, J., Torras, M. and Roach, B., 2013.Macroeconomics in context. ME Sharpe. Konchitchki, Y. and Patatoukas, P.N., 2014. Accounting earnings and gross domestic product.Journal of Accounting and Economics,57(1), pp.76-88. Liu, B. and Di Iorio, A., 2016. Does idiosyncratic volatility predict future growth of the Australian economy?.Studies in Economics and Finance,33(1), pp.69-90. Madsen, M.O. and Olesen, F. eds., 2016.Macroeconomics After the Financial Crisis: A Post-Keynesian Perspective.

God the Father Annotated Bibliography

Question: Give a breif discussion on annotated bibliography on God the Father? Answer: Channing, W. E. (2014).Unitarian Christianity. Netlancers Inc. This book is about the only father or master of the Christians, that is no one else rather than Jesus Christ, His teachings - either inspired by His Apostles or during His personal ministry. The principles are sometimes misunderstood by the common people as they may not understand the inner meaning of His teachings, but are blindly following them all as the principles of Christianity. Thus, in this book, the author tried to make people understand that The Bible was written by people, for the people, in their language, so that its meaning is clear to all and can establish a better society and finally a better world. Ehrman, B. D. (2014).How Jesus Became God: The Exaltation of a Jewish Preacher from Galilee. This is the book section or citation from the book How Jesus Became God: The Exaltation of a Jewish Preacher from Galilee, written by Bart D. Ehrman. The citation mainly focuses on the believes of the people, which transferred a man to god. The man was Jesus Christ who was a crucified peasant and belonged to a lower-class Jewish family. In the early life, the author was a believer and in later days, he became a historian of early Christianity and has approached the matter in his book, such that it becomes useful to both secular historians and believers of the religion. Buggert, D., Carm, O. (2013). God the Father in the Trinity.New Theology Review,13(1). This journal is mainly concerned about the term Father, which the Christians generally utter in their prayer In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. The author of this journal made a research about the first person of the Trinity to whom the whole religion of Christianity is referring as Father, that is, the God. Jesus Christ is the lord. Then another question arises about the Son. Thus the whole journal is a research work of the identification of the Father and the Son. United Church of God,. (2015). God the Father, Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit. Retrieved 26 June 2015, from https://www.ucg.org/booklet/fundamental-beliefs/god-father-jesus-christ-and-holy-spirit According to this website, the religion Christianity has only one Lord, only one Father, who exists eternally as a Spirit, a personal being of supreme knowledge, justice, intelligence, love, authority and power. He is Jesus Christ, the Creator of the world and heaven. For Him only, the life exists in the earth both flora-fauna and human beings. He is the Origin of life. By Jesus Christ, the God made the world as the God came in the form of human being, taught His men and created the nature. Mozley, J. K. (2014).The impassibility of God. Cambridge University Press. The purpose of writing this book is primarily historical. This is an attempt to state the believe of the people regarding Gods incapacity for suffering, more over to examine and evaluate the belief. The reason for believing has thrown some focus on the beliefs, has serve to an extent as a criterion for appraising their worth. According to the view point of the Christian tradition, the idea of suffering God has been discussed in this book. Kasper, W. (2012).The God of Jesus Christ: New Edition. Bloomsbury Publishing. This book is formulated after 25 years for answering to the questions of the general people, as in these two decades, an enormous change in the society took place. The changes which took place in the field of cultural, political, religious, and intellectual in these two decades have been discussed by the author in this new version of the book. The author has mainly put his concentration in solving the problems and has put his own view point regarding the problems. The author has disclosed the existential and pastoral meaning of the doctrine of God. According to the author, common people can talk about the God, only when they can speak directly to Him. Dobson, J. C. (2012).When God doesn't make sense. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.. This book was written to uphold Jesus Christ, the Lord of the Bible and to encourage the Christians when God do such things, which makes no sense to men. Generally people get depressed, get overly discouraged. That is the cause of writing this book, such that men should not misunderstand the Lord, as He sometimes makes people suffer and face dilemmas. Thielicke, H. (2015).The waiting Father: Sermons on the parables of Jesus. The Lutterworth Press. To characterize the parables of Jesus Christ, as the Gods picture book, the book was written. The author here tried to tell the common people that all the harvest, far countries, flowers, birds etc are creation of the Lord Jesus. Thus, study of explanatory world is not needed as the terrestrial world could only answer to all these.